The energy retail market has changed in recent years, as a result of overly confusing and sometimes misleading energy plans. Government regulators introduced the electricity reference price in order to simplify the market.
This Canstar Blue guide explains what the government’s energy reference price is, how it works and the relevant costs for each state or territory.
On this page:
- What is the electricity reference price?
- How does the electricity reference price work?
- Cheaper plans than the electricity reference price
- What happened before the reference price?
- Where is the reference price used?
- Key points about the reference price
- How much is the electricity reference price?
- How does the reference price compare to the cheapest offers?
- Is staying on the reference price a good idea?
What is the electricity reference price?
The electricity reference price effectively acts as a price cap for energy retailers, in addition to providing a consistent point of reference for consumers to compare energy plans. The idea is that energy retailers display how their prices compare to the electricity reference price, so consumers know where they stand when it comes to finding a competitive deal. It is a level playing field from which all energy plans are compared, so customers can be confident that the electricity retailers promoting the biggest percentage savings compared to the reference price will be the cheapest.
Note: electricity retailers can still charge more than the reference price through their market offers. It appears that this is discouraged by the government’s regulators, even if the retailer may have reasonable claims to charge more than the reference price (i.e. because it offers an additional value-add incentive that makes the product appealing).
Compare electricity plans cheaper than the government reference price
Here are some sponsored deals from the retailers on our database that include a link to the retailer’s website for further details. These are products from referral partners†. These costs are based on the Ausgrid energy network in Sydney but prices may vary depending on your circumstances. This comparison assumes general energy usage of 3900kWh/year for a residential customer on a single rate tariff. Please use our comparison tool for a specific comparison in your area and to see other products in our database that may be available. Our database may not cover all deals in your area. As always, check all details of any plan directly with the retailer before making a purchase decision.
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8% Less than reference price |
$1,658 Price/year (estimated) |
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18% Less than reference price |
$1,477 Price/year (estimated) |
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18% Less than reference price |
$1,491 Price/year (estimated) |
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Here are some sponsored deals from the retailers on our database that include a link to the retailer’s website for further details. These are products from referral partners†. These costs are based on the Citipower network in Melbourne but prices may vary depending on your circumstances. This comparison assumes general energy usage of 4000kWh/year for a residential customer on a single rate tariff. Please use our comparison tool for a specific comparison in your area and to see other products in our database that may be available. Our database may not cover all deals in your area. As always, check all details of any plan directly with the retailer before making a purchase decision.
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23% Less | $1,116 | Go to Site |
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25% Less than VDO |
$1,272 Price/year (estimated) |
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Here are some sponsored deals from the retailers on our database that include a link to the retailer’s website for further details. These are products from our referral partners†. These costs are based on the Energex network in Brisbane but prices may vary depending on your circumstances. This comparison assumes general energy usage of 4600kWh/year for a residential customer on a single rate tariff. Please use our comparison tool for a specific comparison in your area and to see other products in our database that may be available. Our database may not cover all deals in your area. As always, check all details of any plan directly with the retailer before making a purchase decision.
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19% Less than reference price |
$1,670 Price/year (estimated) |
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22% Less than reference price |
$1,620 Price/year (estimated) |
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23% Less than reference price |
$1,592 Price/year (estimated) |
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Here are some sponsored deals from the retailers on our database that include a link to the retailer’s website for further details. These are products from our referral partners†. These costs are based on the SA Power network in Adelaide but prices may vary depending on your circumstances. This comparison assumes general energy usage of 4000kWh/year for a residential customer on a single rate tariff. Please use our comparison tool for a specific comparison in your area and to see other products in our database that may be available. Our database may not cover all deals in your area. As always, check all details of any plan directly with the retailer before making a purchase decision.
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5% Less than reference price |
$2,118 Price/year (estimated) |
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5% Less than reference price |
$2,123 Price/year (estimated) |
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How does the electricity reference price work?
The government reference price, also called the electricity reference price, is a safety net price that customers pay for power if they do not engage in the market (i.e. compare offers). The electricity reference price is set by the Australian Energy Regulator (AER) and is based on specific energy usage and supply charges in different geographical areas.
Because of this, the reference price will vary between states (and in the case of New South Wales, it will even vary between different regions). All energy retailers must offer customers the reference price, which is updated annually each July to reflect the costs of supplying energy.
Are there plans that are cheaper than the electricity reference price?
The energy reference price is generally the highest an electricity customer will be charged, so customers can save a lot if they shop around.
The tables below show a comparison of the cheapest deals on the Canstar Blue database, with the plan’s savings compared to the reference price.
Cheaper than the reference price NSW
Here are some of the cheapest published deals from the retailers on our database that include a link to the retailer’s website for further details. These are products from referral partners†. These costs are based on the Ausgrid network in Sydney but prices may vary depending on your circumstances. This comparison assumes general energy usage of 3900kWh/year for a residential customer on a single rate tariff. Please use our comparison tool for a specific comparison in your area and to see other products in our database that may be available. Our database may not cover all deals in your area. As always, check all details of any plan directly with the retailer before making a purchase decision. The next three tabs feature products exclusively from AGL, EnergyAustralia and Origin.
Here are the AGL Energy plans on our database for NSW. These are products from a referral partner†. These costs are based on the Ausgrid network in Sydney but prices may vary depending on your circumstances. This comparison assumes general energy usage of 3900kWh/year for a residential customer on a single rate tariff. Please use our comparison tool for a specific comparison in your area and to see other products in our database that may be available. Our database may not cover all deals in your area. As always, check all details of any plan directly with the retailer before making a purchase decision.
Here are the EnergyAustralia plans on our database for NSW. These are products from a referral partner†. These costs are based on the Ausgrid network in Sydney but prices may vary depending on your circumstances. This comparison assumes general energy usage of 3900kWh/year for a residential customer on a single rate tariff. Please use our comparison tool for a specific comparison in your area and to see other products in our database that may be available. Our database may not cover all deals in your area. As always, check all details of any plan directly with the retailer before making a purchase decision.
Here are the Origin Energy plans on our database for NSW. These are products from a referral partner†. These costs are based on the Ausgrid network in Sydney but prices may vary depending on your circumstances. This comparison assumes general energy usage of 3900kWh/year for a residential customer on a single rate tariff. Please use our comparison tool for a specific comparison in your area and to see other products in our database that may be available. Our database may not cover all deals in your area. As always, check all details of any plan directly with the retailer before making a purchase decision.
Cheaper than the reference price QLD
Here are some of the cheapest published deals from the retailers on our database that include a link to the retailer’s website for further details. These are products from referral partners†. These costs are based on the Energex network in Brisbane but prices may vary depending on your circumstances. This comparison assumes general energy usage of 4600kWh/year for a residential customer on a single rate tariff. Please use our comparison tool for a specific comparison in your area and to see other products in our database that may be available. Our database may not cover all deals in your area. As always, check all details of any plan directly with the retailer before making a purchase decision. The next three tabs feature products exclusively from AGL, EnergyAustralia and Origin.
Here are the AGL Energy plans on our database for SEQ. These are products from a referral partner†. These costs are based on the Energex energy network in Brisbane but prices may vary depending on your circumstances. This comparison assumes general energy usage of 4600kWh/year for a residential customer on a single rate tariff. Please use our comparison tool for a specific comparison in your area and to see other products in our database that may be available. Our database may not cover all deals in your area. As always, check all details of any plan directly with the retailer before making a purchase decision.
Here are the EnergyAustralia plans on our database for SEQ. These are products from a referral partner†. These costs are based on the Energex network in Brisbane but prices may vary depending on your circumstances. This comparison assumes general energy usage of 4600kWh/year for a residential customer on a single rate tariff. Please use our comparison tool for a specific comparison in your area and to see other products in our database that may be available. Our database may not cover all deals in your area. As always, check all details of any plan directly with the retailer before making a purchase decision.
Here are the Origin Energy plans on our database for SEQ. These are products from a referral partner†. These costs are based on the Energex network in Brisbane but prices may vary depending on your circumstances. This comparison assumes general energy usage of 4600kWh/year for a residential customer on a single rate tariff. Please use our comparison tool for a specific comparison in your area and to see other products in our database that may be available. Our database may not cover all deals in your area. As always, check all details of any plan directly with the retailer before making a purchase decision.
Cheaper than the reference price SA
Here are some of the cheapest published deals from the retailers on our database that include a link to the retailer’s website for further details. These are products from referral partners†. These costs are based on the SA Power network in Adelaide but prices may vary depending on your circumstances. This comparison assumes general energy usage of 4000kWh/year for a residential customer on a single rate tariff. Please use our comparison tool for a specific comparison in your area and to see other products in our database that may be available. Our database may not cover all deals in your area. As always, check all details of any plan directly with the retailer before making a purchase decision. The next three tabs feature products exclusively from AGL, EnergyAustralia and Origin.
Here are the AGL Energy plans on our database for South Australia. These are products from a referral partner†. These costs are based on the SA Power network in Adelaide but prices may vary depending on your circumstances. This comparison assumes general energy usage of 4000kWh/year for a residential customer on a single rate tariff. Please use our comparison tool for a specific comparison in your area and to see other products in our database that may be available. Our database may not cover all deals in your area. As always, check all details of any plan directly with the retailer before making a purchase decision.
Here are the EnergyAustralia plans on our database for South Australia. These are products from a referral partner†. These costs are based on the SA Power network in Adelaide but prices may vary depending on your circumstances. This comparison assumes general energy usage of 4000kWh/year for a residential customer on a single rate tariff. Please use our comparison tool for a specific comparison in your area and to see other products in our database that may be available. Our database may not cover all deals in your area. As always, check all details of any plan directly with the retailer before making a purchase decision.
Here are the Origin Energy plans on our database for South Australia. These are products from a referral partner†. These costs are based on the SA Power network in Adelaide but prices may vary depending on your circumstances. This comparison assumes general energy usage of 4000kWh/year for a residential customer on a single rate tariff. Please use our comparison tool for a specific comparison in your area and to see other products in our database that may be available. Our database may not cover all deals in your area. As always, check all details of any plan directly with the retailer before making a purchase decision.
What happened before the electricity reference price?
Before the introduction of the reference price, there was no limit to what energy retailers could charge their customers in areas of the country where prices had been deregulated (i.e. rates were no longer set by state governments or regulators). This created highly competitive markets in these areas, with many new energy retailers forming and competing for business. But while many consumers shopped around, compared prices and found good deals, some didn’t and instead found themselves on expensive plans known as ‘standing offers’. Standing offers were default contracts that generally came with the highest prices, which led to the term ‘lazy tax’ to describe the fact that customers were effectively punished for not shopping around and switching retailers.
There was no benchmark price from which energy discounts were applied, so the market became extremely confusing for consumers to navigate. Some big discount plans actually worked out more expensive than some plans with smaller discounts, simply because those discounts weren’t applied to the same base pricing. Energy retailers could (and did) place a large discount onto very high base rates, giving consumers the impression that their plan was going to deliver great savings, when in reality customers just had a big discount off a big bill. The rise of conditional discounts also resulted in higher prices for those who failed to meet the energy plan’s conditions, such as paying on time.
The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) saw enough evidence of the energy retailers’ price gouging and launched an inquiry into the energy retail market. The ACCC included a series of recommendations on what needed to change to make it easier for consumers to understand, and ultimately save them money. One recommendation was to replace standing offers with a ‘Default Market Offer’ (a plan priced at the reference price). Consumers on a standing offer contract would then be switched automatically onto their retailer’s Default Market Offer and pay the government reference price for power, instead of the higher standing offer rates.
The exception to this would be if a standing offer was already cheaper that the reference price. In this case, the retailer would be expected to maintain its offer to the consumer. However, it is extremely rare to find such a cheap standing offer in the first place.
Where is the electricity reference price used?
The reference price is used across New South Wales, South East Queensland, South Australia and the Australian Capital Territory. In these areas, the reference price is the maximum price that energy customers who don’t engage in the market will pay, depending on their location and specific circumstances (i.e. how much power they use). In Victoria, customers have a similar reference price for electricity, but this is known as the ‘Victorian Default Offer’. It doesn’t act as a price cap in quite the same way as the reference price, but it is similar in that customers on old standing offers are switched onto the cheaper default price.
The reference price has changed the way energy retailers market their products because they now need to reference the reference price. Energy retailers must show a percentage difference between the annual cost of their product compared with the electricity reference price. The percentage difference must be compared with the maximum cost of the electricity retailer’s plan, not the lowest potential cost after any discounts. The potential difference after discounts may also be displayed, but less prominently.
Example: Advertised plan price comparing cost to reference price
Image credits: origin.com.au
Key points about the electricity reference price
The electricity reference price was introduced to make the energy market easier to understand. Here are some key points to keep in mind:
- The electricity reference price is specific to energy distribution networks in each state, reflecting the costs involved in supplying power to particular geographical areas. Customers need to make sure that the electricity reference price they are using to compare is the price on their network.
- While the electricity reference price is the maximum that energy customers will pay (specific to their network), the electricity reference price doesn’t act as a level playing field from which discounts are applied.
It is a point of reference to compare all plans against – discounted or otherwise. Whether that product is less or higher than the electricity reference price, it must be reflected clearly as a percentage on all energy plans. - When it comes to plans with discounts, there could be three different prices quoted: the reference price; the price when conditions of a discount are not met and the price when conditions of a discount are met.
- Failing to meet the conditions of a plan’s discount doesn’t necessarily mean automatically paying the electricity reference price. If the energy plan is significantly cheaper than the electricity reference price, a customer could fail to meet the conditions and still pay less than the reference price. However, no plan can result in prices higher than the reference price when discount conditions are not met.
How much is the electricity reference price?
The electricity reference price isn’t designed to be the cheapest deal around. It has been introduced to ensure that those energy customers previously paying the highest prices will now pay less.
The following table shows single rate tariff and single rate + controlled load prices across the different energy networks in NSW, SEQ, SA and the ACT, plus the usage assumptions (kWh) used to calculate them.
| State | Energy Network | Flat Rate Annual Cost | Flat Rate + Controlled Load Annual Cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| NSW | Ausgrid | $1,810 (3,900kWh) | $2,495 (6,800kWh) |
| NSW | Endeavour | $2,209 (4,900kWh) | $2,787 (7,400kWh) |
| NSW | Essential | $2,499 (4,600kWh) | $2,918 (6,600kWh) |
| SEQ | Energex | $2,052 (4,600kWh) | $2,400 (6,300kWh) |
| SA | SA Power | $2,216 (4,000kWh) | $2,746 (6,000kWh) |
| ACT | Evoenergy | $2,432 (6,100kWh) | $3,018 (8,800kWh) |
Source: AER and ACT Government. Accurate as at July 2024.
How does the electricity reference price compare to the cheapest electricity plans?
The electricity reference price is competitive compared to most energy plans and will result in notable savings for those customers who have been switched from an old standing offer onto the new default price. Consumers who shop around and compare their options still stand to save the most, just like before the DMO was released.
Canstar Blue’s electricity database shows that – based on the same assumptions as detailed in the table above – the cheapest plans in the market work out between $100-200 cheaper than the reference price in each area. But this is subject to change.
Is staying on the electricity reference price a good idea?
It’s good to be aware of the reference price for energy, because it’s designed to help compare plans and ultimately pick the right one. But is it wise to stay on the electricity reference price?
Here are some things to consider:
- Customers who don’t shop around in the energy market may find that they are already sitting on the default, reference price
- The electricity reference price is the most that energy customers will pay if they do not sign up to a market offer
- Some market offers could still be higher than the reference price
- Reference prices differ across the country, so customers need to know which price applies to their area
- Customers should continue to shop around, as there are cheaper deals than the electricity reference price available.
The electricity reference price can help to put downward pressure on overall energy prices, but remember that price is only one consideration when it comes to finding the best energy plan. Customer service and other value-adding incentives are just two other things to keep in mind when shopping around.
Canstar Blue’s electricity comparison tool includes a unique value rank feature that compares plans on which offer the best overall value, not just the cheapest prices.
Image credits: urbans/Shutterstock.com
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